THE PASSIVE: RULES

1. The rules for tense usage in the passive are the same as in the active.

Present simple to express habit:

My car is serviced regulary.

Past simple to express a finished action in the past:

Television was invented by John Logie Baird.

Present perfect to express an action wich began in the past and continues to the present:

Diet coke has been made since 1982.

2. The passive infinte (to be + past participle) is used after modal auxiliary verbs and other verbs wich are followed by infinitive.

Driving should be banned in city centers
the house is going to be knocked down.

THE PASSIVE: will

Affirmative and negative

Ten thousand cars will be produced next year.
The cars won´t be sold in the United States.

Question

Will the children be sent to a new school?

short answer

Are cars made in your country? Yes, they are/ No, they aren´t
Were the plants watered last night? Yes, they were./No, they weren´t
Has my car been repaired? Yes, it has./No. it hasn´t.
Will this cars be produced next year? Yes, they will./No, they won´t.

THE PASSIVE Present perfect

Affirmative and negative

I´ve been robbed!
Diet coke has been made since 1982
They haven´t been invited to the party

Question

How many times have you been hurt playing soccer?
Has my car been repaired?

THE PASSIVE (Past)

Affirmative and negative

My car was stolen last night
The animals were frightened by a loud noise
He wasn´t injured in the accident
The thieves weren´t seen by anyone


Question

How was the window broken?
Were the plants watered last night?

THE PASSIVE ( Present)

Affirmative and negative

English is spoken all over the world
Toyota cars are made in Japan
My children aren´t helped with their home work
Coffe isn´t grown in England


Question

Where is rice grown?
Are cars made in your country?

THE PASSIVE (FORM)

am/is/are + past participle
was/were + past participle
has/have been + past participle
will +  past participle

NOTE: the past participle of regular verbs ends in ed

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