verb patterns 3

verb + ing or to + infinitive

• begin     rainnig / to rain
• start     

 

Verb patterns 2

verb + to + infinitive

• Choose            to read
• decide
• forget
• promise            to go
• mange
• need
• help
• hope                to work
• try
• want
• would like        to walk
• would love      

Verb Patterns 1

verb + ing

Like             

Enjoy       Swimming

Love         Cooking
Hate

Finish

Stop           

 

NOTE: We often use the verb go + ing for sports and activities. 

ex: I go swimming every day. ex: I go shopping on weekends.

 

 

 

a Lot / Lots of

1. We use a lot/lots of with both count and noncount nouns.

ex: There´s a lot of butter; I have a lots of friends

2. A lot/lots of can be used in questions and negatives.

ex: Are there lots of tourists in your country?; There isn´t a lot of butter, but there´s enough.

A Few and a Little

1. We use a FEW with count nouns.

ex: there are a few eggs left, but not many

2. We use a LITTLE with noncount nouns.

ex: Can you give me a little help?

Some and Any

1. SOME is used in affirmative sentences with countable and uncountable nouns. 

ex: I´d like some sugar.

2. SOME is used in questions when they mean an offer or request on a restaurant.

ex: Can I have some cake? ; Would you like some soda,   please?

3. ANY is used for questions and  negative sentences with countable and uncountable nouns.

ex: Is there any sugar in this coffee? ; Do you have any brothers and sisters? ; I didn´t buy any apples.

4. The rules are the same for the compounds: 

* someone * anything * anybody * somewhere, etc.
ex: I have something for you; Hello? is anybody here? 
     There isn´t anywhere to go in my town

Much and Many

1. We use MUCH with NOCOUNT NOUNS in:

* Questions, ex: How much money do you have?

* Negatives, ex: Ther isn´t much milk left.

2. We use MANY with COUNT NOUNS in:

* Questions, ex: How many people were at the party?

* negative, ex: I didn´t take many photos on vacation.

Noncount nouns

Uncountable nouns: are things that you see as a whole, things you can´t count. only in singular

* Water

* Sugar

* Milk

* Music

* Money

* Jelly

* Chicken

count nouns

Count Nouns: Are things that you can count. The countable nouns can be used in singular and plural.

* A cup, two cups

* A girl, four girls

* An apple, three apples

* An egg, five eggs

* A kilo, six kilos

correction about composition

“Your worst birthday ever”

It was ON Saturday one of my friends invited me to celebrate my birthday number 20 in a bar ON Saturday night. I don´t remember the date and I prefer so because this day was full of bad thinks. On Saturday morning I woke up and I FELT so bad because I had rhinitis; then, my mother talked TO me about go shopping, but I didn´t like the idea; however, my mother convinced me to go. When we were AT the supermarket named “Exito”, a child hit me with his shopping cart in my leg. The blow caused a large bruise TO me.

When my mother and I comeback at home I dropED some packages and a bottle of wine was broken. Then I had a family lunch at home. In the afternoon I was listening TO the radio and watching tv and AT night I got out with my friends to celebrate my birthday, but an annoying girl joined TO our celebration AND she told me about her problems AT the bar all night. 

The bar was very nice, excellent rock music, but the beer mug was containing a mix of water and beer. It is a popular strategy used by some bars () in order to save beer. However the price of the beer mug was not cheap.

composition in past

“Your worst birthday ever”

It was at Saturday one of my friends invited me to celebrate my birthday number 20 in a bar at Saturday night. I don´t remember the date and I prefer so because this day was full of bad thinks. On Saturday morning I woke up and I feel so bad because I had rhinitis then my mother talked me about go shopping, but I didn´t like the idea however my mother convinced me to go. When we were in the supermarket named “Exito” a child hit me with his shopping cart in my leg. The blow caused a large bruise me.

When my mother and I comeback at home I drop some packages and a bottle of wine was broken. Then I had a family lunch at home. In the afternoon I was listening the radio and watching tv and in the night I got out with my friends to celebrate my birthday, but an annoying girl joined our celebration she told me about her problems in the bar all night. 

The bar was very nice, excellent rock music, but the beer mug was containing a mix of water and beer. It is a popular strategy used by some bars with in order to save beer. However the price of the beer mug was not cheap.

Numbers

1. One
2. Two
3.Three
4. Four
5. Five
6. Six
7. Seven
8. Eight
9. Nine
10. Ten
11. Eleven
12. Twelve
13. Thirteen
14. Fourteen
15. Fifteen
16. Sixteen
17. Seventeen
18. Eighteen
19. Nineteen
20. Twenty
21. "         " one
22. "         " two

30 Thirty

40. Fourty

50. Fifty

60. Sixty

70. Seventy

80. Eighty

90. ninety

100. one hundred

1000. one thousand

1000000. one million

the time

What time is it? , Do you have the time? , answer: It´s four pm
It´s six o´clock in the morning , ( it´s six am)

It´s ten minutes to five , it´s a quarter to four, it´s about to seven

Basic Phrases

Good morning , Good afternoon , Good evening, Good night ,
How are you? (how do you do?) answer: I´m well thank you and you?

Until we meet again , so long , I´ll see you later , Good bye

please , thanks (thank you) , you are welcome , excuseme, please wait a moment (a minute)

How much is it? , How much are? ,

Writing: Linking words- while, during and for

1. While is a conjunction and is followed by a clause (subject+verb). If you say: "X happened while  Y happened", it means X and Y happened at the same time.

ex: I met Peter while I was studying at the university

2. During is a preposition and it is followed by a noun. It has a similar meaning to while.

ex: I worked on a farm during my vacation

the noun after during expresses an activity that takes time. ex: during the movie/lesson/afternoon/soccer game

while and during answer the question when?

3. For is a preposition and answers the question 

How long? It is followed by a time expression. ex: I lived there for three years/six months.

ex: we´re taking a vacation for two weeks/ a couple of days.

Exploring language: Pronunciation of (ed) endings

The past tense ending -ed  has three diferents pronunciations

Rules:

1. If the last sound in the base verb is /d/ or /t/, -ed is pronounced as a separate syllable: /Id/.

ex: Eleanor wanted to do important things

2.If the last sound in the base verb is /f/, /k/, /p/, /s/, //or //, -ed is pronounced /т/ 

ex: Eleanor worked in politics

3. The final -ed is pronounced /d/ after base verbs ending in all other consonants

ex: She traveled around New york

4. If the last sound in the base verb is a vowel, -ed is pronounced /d/

ex: and she enjoyed herself